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HICAS: HICapacity Active Suspension - Nissan's current version of 4WS. There are 3 versions of HICAS in various stages of development, all of which are stability type systems only. A. HICAS -- Stability type system applied to the rear wheels. In production on the Nissan Skyline Coupe in Japan since 1985. B. HICAS II -- Same as HICAS except with "phase delay;" note: also includes opposite phase steering at high speed built into the system logic which delays turning the rear wheels to improve vehicle turn-in. This "phase delay" also includes opposite phase steering at high speed. C. Super HICAS--same as HICASII except front wheels also have some elements of active control.
| | Four-wheel steering is a generic term that covers a number of very different types of steering systems. Basically, there are two broad categories of four-wheel steering: A. Stability type steering -- steers the rear wheels in phase with the front wheels to enhance the stability of the vehicle during abrupt maneuvers at normal road speeds. B. Maneuverability type steering -- steers the rear wheels in the opposite phase with the front wheels to reduce the turning circle during low speed, tight cornering. This "phase delay" also includes opposite phase steering at high speed. | |
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