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OBD II: On-Board Diagnosis - A (self-diagnosis) mechanism is provided by the DME III or DDE engine management system. Its purpose is to permit malfunctions tube identified before more serious damage results. Defects which occur suddenly, or values which go beyond the specified tolerance limits, are stored electronically and can be displayed and evaluated later on the screen of a diagnostic testing unit in the workshop. Troubleshooting then becomes much more straightforward and costs are reduced.
There are three basic OBD-II protocols in use, each with minor variations on the communication pattern between the on-board diagnostic computer and the scanner console or tool. While there have been some manufacturer changes between protocols in the past few years, as a rule of thumb, Chrysler products and all European and most Asian imports use ISO 9141 circuitry. GM cars and light trucks use SAE J1850 VPW (Variable Pulse Width Modulation), and Fords use SAE J1850 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) communication patterns.
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