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Octane Ratings: The octane rating of petrol (gasoline) tells you how much the fuel can be compressed before it spontaneously ignites. When gas ignites by compression rather than because of the spark from the spark plug, it causes knocking in the engine. Lower-octane petrol can handle the least amount of compression before igniting.
The octane number is measured under standardised test conditions against reference fuels, one of which is iso-octane (hence the name ‘octane number’). There are actually several octane numbers, depending on the test conditions. Car fuels are described by two numbers: Research Octane Number (RON) and Motor Octane Number (MON), with the RON being higher than the MON.

Typical RON values are:

» Regular unleaded petrol: 87 - 91
» Premium unleaded petrol: 95
» Lead replacement petrol : 96
» High-octane petrol: 98
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